Depression	Okolie et al. (2017)	21	359	RCT / QES	PST / PATH / HGT	ST, ST-CI, personalized treatment plan	SI / Suicide risk	HDRS suicide item / CSD / Self-reported suicidal ideation	Significantly greater reductions in SI in older adults with MDD and executive dysfunction after 12 weekly sessions of PST at 12 and 36 weeks post-treatment vs ST. In older adults with MDD and dementia, PATH and ST-CI showed comparable reductions in SI after 12 weeks, with no significant differences in the course of SI between the two. Evident improvements in suicidal tendency in older patients with MDD in both the HGT participants and untreated controls	PST vs ST: 12 weeks (OR: 0.50, Z=−2.16, p=0.031) and 36 weeks (OR: 0.50, Z=−1.96, p=0.05). PATH vs ST-CI: 12 weeks (time: F[1, 95.8]=10.06, p=0.0020); (time by treatment interaction: F[1, 95.8]=0.75, p=0.3897). HGT vs no treatment: (main effect: F=21.65, p<0.001).
	Cuijpers et al. (2013)	13	616	RCT	CBT / MBCT	CAU, EHC	SI / Suicide risk	BSS / SRM	Only three randomized controlled studies on depression in adults were identified in which suicide was used as a clearly specified outcome measure. The combined results indicated very small and nonsignificant effects on suicidal tendencies, but there was limited statistical power to consider this as the true effect. The quality of the included studies was suboptimal.	Hedges' g=0.12 (95% CI: -0.20 - 0.44), not statistically significant. Post hoc power calculation, g=0.47
	Schmelefske et al. (2020)	13	627	Pre-post studies	MBCT	CPE / TAU / WL / CBASP	SI	SCS / BSS / BDI-II item 9 / HDRS item 3 / IDS-SR	In studies utilizing samples of individuals with depressive disorders (k=5), MBIs were found to have a significant moderate effect.	Hedges´ g=0,45 (IC del 95% [0,28, 0,62], p<0,001).

CI, Confidence interval; F, F-statistic; g, Hedges ́ g; OR, Odds ratio; p, p-value; QES, Quasi-experimental studies; QES, Quasi-experimental studies; RCT, Randomized Controlled Trial; RCT, Randomized Controlled Trial; RR, Relative risk; SMD, Standardized Mean Difference; Z, Z- value.

Assessment tools: BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BSS, Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation; CSD, Cornell Scale for Depression; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; IDS-SR, Inventory of Depressive Symptomology Self-Report; SCS, Suicidal Cognitions Scale; SI, Suicide Ideation; SRM, Suicide Risk Module of the MINI.

Psychotherapy: CAU, Care-as-usual; CBASP, Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy; CBT, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; EHC, Existential Humanistic Cognitive Therapy; HGT, Humor Group Therapy; MBIs, Mindfulness-based Interventions; MBCT, Mindfulness- based Cognitive Therapy; PATH, Problem Adaptation Therapy; PST, Problem Solving Therapy; ST-CI, Supportive Therapy for Cognitively Impaired Older Adults; ST, Supportive Therapy; TAU, Treatment-as-usual; WL, Wait-list.

Table 4: Characteristics of Borderline Personality Disorder Studies.

Diagnosis	Author (year)	No. of studies	No. of patients	Primary study design	Psychotherapy	Control	Suicidal outcome	Outcome measure	Summary of results	Effect size (SMD/OR/RR, 95% CI)
BPD	Rameckers et al. (2021)	87	5881	RCT, Open trials, NRCT	DBT / DBTmin / SchT / MBT / PDT / CBT / TFP / Mixed therapies / Other (CAT, IT, CCT, SCM, GPM, TC, DDP)	TAU / CTBE / Active treatment	Suicidality/Self-harm	NA	With large effect sizes, SchT and MBT were strongly associated with greater reductions in suicidal tendencies compared to the average treatment effect.	Effect size in suicidality/self-harm SchT: g=1.161 (CI 95% 0.669, 1.653, p=0.013); MBT: g=0.872 (CI 95% 0.612, 1.132, p=0.042)
	Stoffers-Winterling et al. (2022)	32	1870	RCT	DBT / MBT / IPT-BPD / CBT / DDP	TAU / WL / Supportive treatment / Clinical management	Self-harm / Suicide-related outcomes (Suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior)	NA	Statistically significant effects of low overall certainty were observed for self-harm in DBT and for self-harm and suicide outcomes in MBT.	DBT self-harm: (SMD −0.54, 95%CI -0.92 to -0.16, P=0.006, n=3 studies, n=110 participants) MBT self-harm: (RR 0.51, 95%CI 0.34-0.75, P<0.0007, n=2 studies, n=172 participants) MBT sucidal-related outcomes (suicidal behavior): (RR 0.10, 95%CI 0.03-0.32, P<0.0001, n=2 studies, n=172 participants).
	Cristea et al. (2017)	33	2256	RCT	DBT-C / DBT / PFPR / IGP	WL / CVT / TAU	Self-harm/ Parasuicidal behavior/ Suicide	NA	In subgroup analysis within the category of all bordeline-relevant outcomes (BPD symptoms, self-harm and parasuicidal behavior, and suicide), DBT and PDT were more effective than control interventions.	DBT: g=0.34 (IC95% 0.15-0.53), NNT=5.26, n=9 studies PDT: g=0.41 (IC95% 0.12-0.69), NNT=4.39, n=7 studies TCC: g=0.24 (IC95% -0.01-0.49), NNT=7.46, n=5 studies Other: g=0.38 (IC95% -0.15-0.92), NNT=4.72, n=6 studies
	Kröger et al. (2010)	16	794	RCT, Neither randomized nor controlled	DBT	ST / TFP / CTBE / TAU	Suicidal and self-injurious behaviors	LPC/OAS-M/SASII/Rate of patients (self-harm and suicide attempts)	A moderate effect size was found for suicidal and self-injurious behaviors when including a moderator for RCTs with treatments specific to BPD.	g=0,56, CI 95% [0,52, 0,60], t(9)=27,04, p>0.001 (two-tailed)