Demographic and Clinical Status of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease Treated in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) affects heart vessels and is more common in men, although women's risk increases post-menopause. Understanding these patterns informs better prevention and treatment strategies. This study aimed to examine the demographic and clinical status of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from June 2022 to May 2023. For this study, a total of 77 patients with confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled using a convenient purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using MS Office tools.

Results: The mean age and BMI of the patients were 46.56 ± 10.68 years and 27.22 ± 2.17 kg/m² respectively. Male-female ratio was 2:1. The mean ±SD waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting blood sugar, HbA1C, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and triglycerides were 90.31 ± 9.22 cm, 107.12 ± 28.43 cm, 6.92 ± 0.66 mmol/l, 7.14 ± 0.55%, 176.97 ± 42.32 mg/dl, 113.13 ± 14.13 mg/dl, 36.8 ± 6.41 mg/dl, 189.54 ± 31.31 mg/dl respectively. More prevalent risk factors were hypertension (31.5%), smoking and tobacco use (26.0%), obesity (20.8%), diabetes (13.0%), and ischemic heart disease (11.7%).

Conclusion: Middle-aged male individuals are mainly prone to coronary artery disease diseases in Bangladesh. Routine health checkups among the middle-aged population are necessary for managing such cases. Early diagnosis can reduce morbidities and mortalities of CAD in any age group of patients.