Metastatic Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Endometrium: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasm occurs predominantly in the lungs, but can be occasionally found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts [1]. When this neoplasia affects the genital tract, usually involve the uterine cervix and the ovary [2]. Neuroendocrine tumors are classified as poorly-differentiated and well differentiated, and further categorized into small and large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas. Approximately only 90 cases of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the endometrium have been reported [3,4]. Studies of large cell endometrial neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) are even less common, with only 16 cases documented [1,5,6]. Our case concerns a 58-year-old woman with a metastatic LCNEC arising from the endometrium. We, correspondingly, also reviewed the literature and emphasize the most important diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of this rare clinical entity.